Terminologies

SQL Relational Database Terminology

  • Schema. Consists of a library, a journal, a journal receiver, an SQL catalog, and optionally a data dictionary. A schema groups related objects and allows you to find the objects by name.

  • Table. A set of columns and rows.

  • Row. The horizontal part of a table containing a serial set of columns.

  • Column. The vertical part of a table of one data type.

  • View. A subset of columns and rows of one or more tables.

  • Package. An object type that is used to run SQL statements.

There are several basic types of SQL statements. They are listed here according to their functions.

Types of SQL statements

  • SQL schema statements, also known as data definition language (DDL) statements

  • SQL data and data change statements, also known as data manipulation language (DML) statements

  • Dynamic SQL statements

  • Embedded SQL host language statements

SQL schema statements

  • ALTER FUNCTION

  • ALTER MASK

  • ALTER PERMISSION

  • ALTER PROCEDURE

  • ALTER SEQUENCE

  • ALTER TABLE

  • ALTER TRIGGER

  • COMMENT ON

  • CREATE ALIAS

  • CREATE FUNCTION

  • CREATE INDEX

  • CREATE MASK

  • CREATE PERMISSION

  • CREATE PROCEDURE

  • CREATE SCHEMA

  • CREATE SEQUENCE

  • CREATE TABLE

  • CREATE TRIGGER

  • CREATE TYPE

  • CREATE VARIABLE

  • CREATE VIEW

  • DROP

  • GRANT

  • LABEL ON

  • RENAME

  • REVOKE

  • TRANSFER OWNERSHIP

SQL data statements

  • ALLOCATE CURSOR

  • ASSOCIATE LOCATORS

  • CLOSE

  • DECLARE CURSOR

  • DELETE

  • FETCH

  • FREE LOCATOR

  • HOLD LOCATOR

  • INSERT

  • LOCK TABLE

  • OPEN

  • REFRESH TABLE

  • SELECT INTO

  • SET variable

  • UPDATE

  • VALUES INTO

SQL data change statements

  • DELETE

  • INSERT

  • MERGE

  • TRUNCATE

  • UPDATE

SQL connection statements

  • CONNECT

  • DISCONNECT

  • RELEASE

  • SET CONNECTION

SQL transaction statements

  • COMMIT

  • RELEASE SAVEPOINT

  • ROLLBACK

  • SAVEPOINT

  • SET TRANSACTION

SQL session statements

  • DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE

  • SET CURRENT DECFLOAT ROUNDING MODE

  • SET CURRENT DEGREE

  • SET CURRENT IMPLICIT XMLPARSE OPTION

  • SET CURRENT TEMPORAL SYSTEM_TIME

  • SET ENCRYPTION PASSWORD

  • SET PATH

  • SET SCHEMA

  • SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION

Dynamic SQL statements

  • ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR

  • compound (dynamic)

  • DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR

  • DESCRIBE

  • DESCRIBE CURSOR

  • DESCRIBE INPUT

  • DESCRIBE PROCEDURE

  • DESCRIBE TABLE

  • EXECUTE

  • EXECUTE IMMEDIATE

  • GET DESCRIPTOR

  • PREPARE

  • SET DESCRIPTOR